No. MiaNOx technologies do not change the regulatory fuel grade and do not require modification of certified fuel specifications.

In the case of LNC applied to gasoline and diesel fuel, the fuel remains within the same standard, while its operational and environmental performance is enhanced through combustion control.

No. Integration is performed without equipment reconstruction.

Possible implementation points include:

• Blending operations
• Storage tank farms
• Inline dosing systems
• Central fuel systems
• Facility-level deployment systems

LNC is suitable for:

• Refineries and mini-refineries
• Fuel station networks
• Corporate fleets
• Industrial equipment and power generation
• Mining companies
• Marine operators

No. LNC is a primary combustion control technology platform.

The technology operates within the combustion chamber, controlling the combustion process and preventing pollutant formation at the source.

Through combustion thermochemistry control:

• Flame front stabilization
• Radical-chain reaction management
• Reduction of localized temperature peaks

This prevents the formation of Black Carbon, PM, NOx, and methane slip.

Yes. The technology has been tested under real operating conditions, demonstrating:

• PM and Black Carbon reduction ≥ 90%
• NOx reduction up to 40–50%
• Methane slip reduction up to 98%
• Fuel consumption reduction starting from 4%

Results are supported by pilot projects and industrial deployments.

When using LNC, customers benefit from more stable engine operation through combustion control:

• Reduced soot formation
• Reduced load on GPF and DPF systems
• More consistent engine performance
• Reduced smoke emissions
• Lower fuel consumption under real operating conditions

For LNC technology, fuel consumption reduction starts from 4% and may reach 15–25% under validated operating conditions.

Actual results depend on:

• Engine type
• Operating conditions
• Fuel quality

Fuel treated with LNC remains unchanged in terms of regulatory grade and certified specifications.

The difference lies in the combustion process:

• More complete fuel oxidation
• Reduced pollutant formation
• More stable engine operation

This can be viewed as enhanced operational and environmental fuel performance.

Yes. LNC enables the creation of premium fuel product lines with measurable operational benefits for:

• Gasoline GDI and Turbo-GDI engines
• Diesel SUVs and commercial vehicles

This allows fuel retailers to:

• Increase average transaction value
• Improve profitability
• Create clear differentiation from competitors

Conventional Fuel:

Combustion Pollutant Formation Increased Engine Load

Fuel with LNC:

Controlled Combustion Less Soot Formation More Stable Engine Operation

The difference is not in the fuel grade. The difference is in how combustion occurs inside the engine.

Yes. The technology:

• Does not change the regulatory fuel grade
• Does not require engine modification
• Does not affect equipment certification status
• Does not alter combustion temperature regimes of the fuel-air mixture

Operation occurs at the combustion process level without intervention in engine design.

No. SOH SYSTEM operates before SCR and SNCR systems by reducing NOx formation directly within the flame zone.

The technology decreases the load placed on downstream emission control systems but does not replace them.

NOx reduction is achieved through control of the flame temperature field and the reduction of localized temperature peaks where Thermal NOx is formed.

By stabilizing combustion conditions, SOH SYSTEM suppresses the mechanisms responsible for excessive Thermal NOx generation.

Yes. Lower NOx formation results in reduced demand for SCR and SNCR treatment systems, leading to lower consumption of reagents such as ammonia and urea.

No. SOH SYSTEM is implemented without reconstruction or modernization of existing boiler equipment.

Yes. SOH SYSTEM aligns with the principles of Best Available Techniques (BAT) as a primary in-furnace technology for the prevention of NOx formation during combustion.

No. CCPF operates during the combustion stage, reducing methane slip before emissions are formed.

The technology lowers the load on downstream thermal oxidation and gas treatment systems but does not replace them.

Methane slip occurs due to unstable combustion conditions and interruption of methane oxidation chain reactions.

As a result, a portion of methane leaves the combustion process unreacted and is released as an emission.

CH₄ reduction is achieved through:

• Flame front stabilization
• Continuous radical-chain oxidation reactions
• Improved combustion stability

This increases methane participation in the combustion process and reduces methane slip.

Yes. Reducing methane slip leads to:

• Lower energy losses
• Reduced environmental penalties
• Improved process efficiency
• Better utilization of associated petroleum gas (APG)
• Improved operational economics

The indicative payback period is typically between 1 and 4 months, depending on:

• Operating conditions
• Fuel composition
• Equipment type
• Utilization rate
• Project scale

Actual payback is determined during project evaluation and pilot implementation.